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Adaptogen
Natural herbs which increases the body's ability to adapt to internal or external stress.
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Adenosine
An Inhibitory Neurotransmitter
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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Carrier of energy to cells and muscles.
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Adipose Tissue
Tissues within human body where fat is stored.
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Aerobic Exercise
Exercising in the presence of oxygen.
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Amenorrhea
Two or fewer menstrual periods per year
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Amino Acids
One of the building blocks of protein.
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Anabolic
The process of building up tissue
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Aneorexia Nervosa
An eating disorder
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Anthocyanins
Plant flavonoids appearing as the colors red to purple.
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Antioxidants
Compounds that protect against Free Radicals
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Apoptosis
The natural destruction of damaged cells
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Atherosclerosis
hardening and narrowing of the arteries.
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Bilberry
A natural berry that is beneficial to eye and vascular health
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Biotin
A water soluble B-complex vitamin.
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BMI Body Mass Index
Relative measure of height to weight
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Body Composition
The amount body fat to total body weight
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Bulimia Nervosa
An eating disorder
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Caffeine
Naturally occurring stimulant
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Calcification
A process that impregnates tissue with calcium or calcium salts.
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Calorie
A unit of energy used by the human body.
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Catabolic
Converting living cells into energy, breaking down
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Catechins
A category of polyphenols
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Cellulite
The dimpled skin on women's butt, thighs and hips.
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Chlorogenic Acid
A Powerful Antioxidant
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Cholesterol
Waxy substance manufactured by our liver and other organs and consumed via animal fat.
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Chromium
A natural mineral required by the body
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Circuit Training
Consecutive exercise stations in an exact order.
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Colonoscopy
A Visual examination of the colon
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Contraindication
Client condition when particular exercise methods should not be used
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CoQ10
Co-enzyme Q10 is a antioxidant
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Cortisol
A hormone for flight or fight
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C-Reactive Protein
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a marker for inflammation.
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Cytokines
Messenger chemicals produced by various cells.
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Dementia
Cognitive disorder characterized by impaired memory, language, thinking and perception.
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Diabetes Type 2
Inability to use insulin
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Dopamine
A chemical neurotransmitter necessary for coordinated body movement
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Eclampsia
Pregnancy related seizures.
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Ectomorph
Ectomorph is a description of a body type.
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EGCG
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, A powerful anti-oxidant.
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Electrolytes
Ions that help to preserve proper fluid levels
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Ellagic Acid
A polyphenol antioxidant
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Endometriosis
A condition affecting a woman's uterus.
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Endomorph
Endomorph is a description of a body type.
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Endorphins
Natural brain chemicals that reduce pain and heighten pleasure
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Epicatechin
Of the flavonol group
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Fibroblasts
Connective tissue cells that produce collagen and elastin fibers
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Flavonoids
Plant based chemicals that posses strong antioxidant properties
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Framingham Heart Study
A 50+ year control group to measure heart disease
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Fructose
A simple sugar found fruits and honey.
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Gluten
A natural grain protein
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Glycemic Index
A measure of carbohydrates' affect on blood sugar
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Glycogen
Energy storage in muscle and the liver
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Glycolysis
A metabolic pathway which produces ATP and Pyruvate
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HDL
High Density Lipoprotein: A form of cholesterol.
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HFCS
High Fructose Corn Syrup
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Hippocampus
A part of the brain that is important for learning and memory
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Homocysteine
An amino acid
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Hypertension
The medical term for high blood pressure.
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Hypertrophy
An increase in the size of tissue.
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Hypokinetic Diseases
Low Activity Diseases
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IGF-1
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1
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Influenza
A seasonal illness; the Flu
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Iodine
A natural element required in the diet for a healthy thyroid
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Isoflavones
A subset of flavonoids
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Ketosis
Bodily state of eliminating ketone bodies.
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LDL
Low Density Lipoprotein: A form of cholesterol.
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Leptin
An appetite-suppressing hormone produced by fat cells.
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Leucine
An essential amino acid
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Listeriosis
A dangerous infection caused by Listeria bacteria
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Lutein
A natural colorant or pigment,
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Lycopene
Red Color Antioxidant
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Lymphedema
Swelling caused by excess fluid.
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Lymphocyte
White blood cells involved in the immune system.
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Magnesium
A natural element vital to human cell functioning
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Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is a sweat, easily digested carbohydrate often made from cornstarch.
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Mesomorph
A description of a body type.
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MET
A measure of energy expenditure in humans.
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Metabolic Syndrome
An association between certain metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease.
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Mitochondria
Power house energy system within cells
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Morbidity
Rate or incidence of a disease in a population.
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Myotatic Reflex
An uncontrolled contraction of the muscle in response to over-stretching
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Niacin
Known as nicotinic acid or vitamin B3 essential to energy metabolism.
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Osteoporosis
Weakened bones
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PABA
Of the B vitamin family
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Pantethine
A biologically active form of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
The counter measure response to fight or flight stress.
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Peptide
A short chain of amino acids
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Phytochemicals
Nonnutrient plant chemicals that contain protective,disease-preventing compounds.
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Phytosterols
Natural plant compounds that reduce cholesterol
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Polyphenols
Polyphenols are plant derived and high in antioxidants.
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Polypill
A heart disease prevention pill
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Polysaccharides
Complex carbohydrates made up of multiple sugar molecules
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Potassium
A natural element vital to human cell functioning
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Proprioception
The sense of movement and position.
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Prostate
Male Gland
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PSA
Prostate-Specific Antigen
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Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)
Amount of calories required for a 24-hour period
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Resting Metabolic Rate
A measure of energy expenditure in the human body.
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RMR
Acronym "Resting Metabolic Rate"
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Sarcopenia
Sarcopenia can be defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass
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Saturated Fat
Saturated fat has no double bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acid chain, and have a hydrogen bond instead.
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Selenium
An essential trace mineral
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Serotonin
A neurotransmitter that regulates mood.
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Steroids
Also known as anabolic steroids, synthetic drugs which spike male sex hormones.
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Sucrose
The scientific name for table sugar
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Superoxide Dismutase
An enzyme that destroys toxic superoxide.
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or flight stress nervous system response
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T-Cells
White blood cells that fight infections.
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Telomerase
The enzyme which directs the replication of telomeres.
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Telomere
The long end sequences of a DNA strand occurring at the tip of the chromosomes.
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Thermogenesis
Creation of heat in the body.
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Tonic
Natural substance that improves overall health
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Trans Fat
A processed fat through a process of hydrogenation.
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Triglycerides
A lipid in the bloodstream.
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Tryptophan
An essential amino acid for humans.
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Turmeric
A yellow Indian curry spice that is considered beneficial for cardiovascular health.
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Ultraviolet-B
The invisible light rays given off by the sun.
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Vitamin A
A fat soluble antioxidant
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Vitamin B12
Inadequate levels lead to arteriosclerotic vascular disease.
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Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone
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